Sources

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This page contains bibliographic information for the sources used for providing the reference data and in the justifications given in the criteria metadata.

Identifier Bibliographic information Links

Creutzig-2014

Felix Creutzig, N. H. Ravindranath, Göran Berndes, Simon Bolwig, Ryan Bright, Francesco Cherubini, Helena Chum, Esteve Corbera, Mark Delucchi, Andre Faaij, Joseph Fargione, Helmut Haberl, Garvin Heath, Oswaldo Lucon, Richard Plevin, Alexander Popp, Carmenza Robledo?Abad, Steven Rose, Pete Smith, Anders Stromman, Sangwon Suh, and Omar Masera. Bioenergy and climate change mitigation: an assessment. GCB Bioenergy, 7(5):916–944, July 2014. DOI
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Kazlou-2024

Tsimafei Kazlou, Aleh Cherp, and Jessica Jewell. Feasible deployment of carbon capture and storage and the requirements of climate targets. Nature Climate Change, 14(10):1047–1055, September 2024. DOI
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IPCC-AR6-WG3-ANX3-2022

IPCC. Annex III: Scenarios and Modelling Methods. In Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2022. DOI
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Deprez-2024

Alexandra Deprez, Paul Leadley, Kate Dooley, Phil Williamson, Wolfgang Cramer, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Aleksandar Rankovic, Eliot L. Carlson, and Felix Creutzig. Sustainability limits needed for CO 2 removal. Science, 383(6682):484–486, February 2024. DOI
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IEA-EB-2024

IEA. World Energy Balances. International Energy Agency, Paris, France, 2024. URL

CEDS-2025

Rachel Hoesly, Steven J Smith, Hamza Ahsan, Noah Prime, Patrick O'Rourke, Monica Crippa, Zbigniew Klimont, Diego Guizzardi, Leyang Feng, Colin Harkins, BRIAN MCDONALD, and Shuxiao Wang. CEDS v_2025_03_18 Aggregate Data. March 2025. DOI

IEA-Hydropow-2021

IEA. Hydropower Special Market Report: Analysis and Forecast to 2030. 2021. URL
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IAEA-2024

IAEA. Energy, Electricity and Nuclear Power Estimates for the Period up to 2050. Reference Data Series No. 1. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 44th edition, 2024. ISBN 978-92-0-123424-7. DOI
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Ember-2024

Ember. Yearly Electricity Data. 2024. URL

BNEF-2024

BNEF. 3Q 2024 Global PV Market Outlook. 2024. URL

GWEC-2024

GWEC. Global Wind Report 2024. 2024. URL

FRA-2020

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Global Forest Resources Assessment. 2020. DOI
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EDGAR-2024

European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) and International Energy Agency (IEA). EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, version 2024. 2024. URL

Gidden-2025

Matthew J. Gidden, Siddharth Joshi, John J. Armitage, Alina-Berenice Christ, Miranda Boettcher, Elina Brutschin, Alexandre C. Köberle, Keywan Riahi, Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Carl-Friedrich Schleussner, and Joeri Rogelj. A prudent planetary limit for geologic carbon storage. Nature, 645(8079):124–132, September 2025. DOI
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